Major Schools of Thought in Psychology Essay

At the point when brain science was first settled as a science separate from science and theory, the discussion over how to portray and clarify the human psyche and conduct started. The primary way of thinking, structuralism, was supported by the originator of the main brain science lab, Wilhelm Wundt. Very quickly, different hypotheses started to develop and strive for strength in brain research. Coming up next are a portion of the significant ways of thinking that have affected our insight and comprehension of brain research: Structuralism versus Functionalism: 1) Structuralism was the principal school of brain science, and concentrated on separating mental procedures into the most fundamental parts. Significant structuralist scholars incorporate Wilhelm Wundt and Edward Titchner. 2) Functionalism framed as a response to the hypotheses of the structuralist way of thinking and was vigorously impacted by crafted by William James. This school concentrated on the elements of human practices and not their structure. Significant functionalist masterminds included John Dewey and Harvey Carr. Transformative brain science is established on the view that the capacity of every mental marvel in human development is an important viewpoint to their comprehension. Gestalt Psychology: 3) Gestalt brain science depends on the possibility that we experience things as brought together wholes. This way to deal with brain science started in Germany and Austria during the late nineteenth century in light of the atomic methodology of structuralism. Or maybe that separating musings and conduct to their littlest component, the gestalt analysts accepted that you should take a gander at the entire of experience. As indicated by the gestalt masterminds, the entire is more prominent than the aggregate of its parts. Max Wertheimer is regularly credited as the organizer of this development. Analysis: Sigmund Freud was the found of 4) Psychodynamic approach. This way of thinking stresses the impact of the oblivious psyche on conduct. Freud accepted that the human psyche was made out of three components: the id, the sense of self, and the superego. Other major psychodynamic masterminds incorporate Anna Freud, Carl Jung, and Erik Erikson. Behaviorism: 5) Behaviorism turned into the predominant way of thinking during the 1950s. In view of crafted by masterminds, for example, John Watson, Ivan Pavlov, and B. F. Skinner, behaviorism holds that all conduct can be clarified by natural causes, instead of by inward powers. Behaviorism is centered around perceptible conduct. Hypotheses of picking up including old style molding and operant molding were the focal point of a lot of exploration. Humanistic Psychology: 6) Humanistic brain science created as a reaction to analysis and behaviorism. Humanistic brain science rather centered around singular choice, self-awareness, and self-completion. Significant humanist masterminds included Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers. Subjective Psychology: 7) Cognitive brain science is the part of brain research that reviews mental procedures including how individuals think, see, issue understand, recall, and learn. As a feature of the bigger field of psychological science, this part of brain science is identified with different controls including neuroscience, reasoning, and etymology. One of the most compelling speculations from this way of thinking was the phases of intellectual advancement hypothesis proposed by Jean Piaget. Later work in this field was spearheaded by names like Albert Ellis and Aaron Beck.

Acquainted with the Night by Robert Frost Essay

Strolling alone around evening time, for a few, can appear to be a serene activity, to help clear a person’s brain and let the day’s inconveniences vanish into the dim. For other people, however, the night is the point at which an individual feels the most alone and must face their own evil presences. Robert Frost causes the night to turn into that dim, dreary and discouraging time in which individuals consider themselves in his sonnet â€Å"Acquainted with the Night†. The first run through perusing the sonnet, one basically thinks an individual is going for a stroll around evening time in the city, minding themself's own business when meeting the guardian and tuning in to the sounds in the city around, at the same time keeping time by the moon in the sky with regards to when to head back home. However, when investigating, the peruser can start to see the torment, sorrow and the premonition feeling the speaker has about existence itself, the sentiment of being separated from everyone else and liking it to remain as such. It likewise shows that the speaker isn’t the main individual with torment and anguish on this night. The subject of Robert Frost’s sonnet â€Å"Acquainted with the Night† is sadness and sorrow in the speakers’ individual life. Ice reveals to us this by utilizing imagery and tone in the lines of the sonnet. â€Å"I have exited in downpour †and back in downpour. † The second line in the sonnet tells the peruser that whatever inconveniences the speaker is having or has had is such a great amount for this individual, that when they stroll in the night, it doesn’t matter what the climate is, they will walk and walk the entire night through the downpour, attempting to out walk their difficulties. The downpour can likewise represent life itself, continually pouring one thing after another on an individual, one worry after another, one despair after another, and some of the time regardless of how solid an individual is, they can never escape from that downpour. The accompanying line, â€Å"I have outwalked the farthest city light. † tells the peruser, in the strict sense, that the speaker likewise couldn't care less about the separation with regards to which they will stroll to attempt to desert their difficulties. Or on the other hand it can represent that regardless of how far an individual goes throughout everyday life, there is consistently inconvenience pausing. I have looked down the saddest city path. † shows the peruser that the speaker, however genuinely alone, isn’t such alone in the dismalness of life. The path the speaker is looking down gives the peruser the image that it is run down, relinquished nearly and even most likely destitution stricken. The peruser sees that the speaker isn’t the just one with inconvenience and wretchedness, it encompasses the speaker however the he considers himself to be separated from everyone else in that he is enveloped with his own sentiments and considerations. In any event, when the speaker passes the gatekeeper on the treet, he doesn’t need to clarify why he is out around evening time and deflects his eyes so that perhaps he will get by without being halted. The speaker needs to keep the isolation he has in his psyche flawless so he needs to maintain a strategic distance from addressing the guardian. The lines 7 through 10 go more top to bottom of the speakers’ sentiments of isolation and disengagement while he is out in the night: â€Å"I have stopped and halted the sound of feet When distant an interfered with cry Came o ver houses from another road, yet not to get back to me or state great bye;† The seventh line shows that the speaker truly is in solitude out there when strolling; there are no different hints of individuals strolling or going about on the road he is strolling down. The speaker strolling alone reflects how he feels in his regular daily existence, alone, nobody to stroll with him and assume the difficulties of life. Be that as it may, he isn’t excessively far away from others since he can hear a cry from another lost soul managing their own unrest. The lines 8 to 9 make the whole sonnet appear to be practically awful, in light of the fact that the peruser then thinks about what sort of cry is it that the speaker is hearing? Is the sound of some wrongdoing? Or then again simply one more individual in and managing their own hellfire? At that point the last lines of the sonnet bring home the horrible tone of the whole piece. Line 11, â€Å"And further still at a ridiculous height† represents how the speaker feels about how far off and withdrawn he is with his environmental factors and conceivably with life itself. The lines 12 and 13, â€Å"One illuminating presence clock against the sky/Proclaimed the time was neither wrong nor right. † causes the peruser to feel the dull tone of the sonnet much more. The peruser, now, is carried nearer to comprehension the speaker’s sentiment of forlornness and isolation since that is the manner by which the vast majority feel, regardless of when it will be, it is never the correct time or an inappropriate time for nearly anything. It feels as though one can never make the correct call with regards to when to accomplish something in their life that is significant. The line 13 makes the peruser wonder if the speaker is thinking about self destruction, that the speaker is thinking about whether the time is ever directly for ending it all, or is it ever directly for living. The rehashed line â€Å"I have been one familiar with he night† as the first and last lines of the sonnet is the last piece that truly establishes the pace of obscurity for the sonnet in general. Night is typically familiar with dimness, alarming things, dejection, isolation, despondency and even melancholy. So the basic line exposes the profundity of the powerlessness of the speaker not having the option to discover things in the same way as everyone around him, not having the option to open up and talk about himself and his emotions and contemplations. He experiences known difficulty and torment, and doesn’t realize how to desert it, so he conveys it with him so that in any event, during the day, he feels as though he is consistently in the dimness of night. Generally, Frost’s sonnet â€Å"Acquainted with the Night† is a sonnet that can be taken just truly, or emblematically. It relies upon the sort of point of view every individual that peruses the sonnet has. Some probably won't see the imagery of the sentiments of haziness, segregation and sorrow, while others see it immediately. In any case, in any case, the peruser can at present feel the dull tone of the sonnet whether it is the first run through understanding it, or the hundredth, just from the earliest starting point and closure lines, â€Å"I have been one familiar with the night†.

How does the internet affect the international strategy Use Porter's 5 Essay

How does the web influence the universal system Use Porter's 5 Forces and tell how web shape and change the busine - Essay Example Most organizations in the cutting edge business condition have executed a few or the other type of Internet apparatus into their business activities. While a few endeavors confronted a significant transformation while developing into an e-business work, others may have appreciated an edge of this innovation before the utilization of the Internet got unavoidable to the current degree. (Kotler, 1997; Rainer, 2009) Internet makes financial incentive for business either by making new enterprises, for example, online closeouts and advanced commercial centers, or by reconfiguring existing ventures through decreased correspondence costs, simpler exchanges and quicker data spread. In spite of the fact that list retailers and cost free numbers have been consistently there, the web gives an increasingly proficient mode to arrange items and administrations. For example, separation learning has been predominant in the instruction division for a considerable length of time with right around a mil lion understudies selecting every year for different correspondence courses. However, an altered and ad libbed form of separation learning is E-College. It is a full-specialist organization that works as a team with numerous colleges and distributes their courses over the web and works the conveyance arrange for a charge. The productivity of a business is impacted by the web dependent on two fundamental variables industry structure and upper hand. While the previous decides the benefit of a normal contender, the last grants the ability to beat a normal contender. (Castells, 2003; Chadwick, 2009) In today’s fast pace of innovative change in business condition, modern examination turns into even more significant. The basic allure of an industry, regardless of whether old or new, is administered by five powers of rivalry. These powers, then again known as Porter’s Five Forces, are existing contention among contenders, danger of substitutes, obstructions to new participant s, bartering intensity of providers and dealing intensity of purchasers. In spite of the fact that the idea of the five powers shifts across ventures, the gainfulness of an endeavor despite everything depends of these. Because of the variable idea of the five powers, it is hard to reach any broad determination about the effect of the web o business condition. In any case, some predominant patterns can be deduced through a review of a wide scope of enterprises where the web assumes an essential job. The majority of the businesses show a positive pattern attributable to the extension of business sectors, improved position contrasted with rivals and new channels to connect with clients. (Watchman, 1979; 2008; Karagiannopoulos, 2005) However some negative effects of web on organizations have likewise been in picture. It empowers the purchasers to have a simple access to data about items and administrations, in this way fortifying their haggling power. It helps in development of new subs titutes because of birth of new ways to deal with addresses costumers’ issues. By lessening the requirement for a set up deals power or association to existing channels, it evacuates hindrances to section. It breaks down geological outskirts and extends the topographical market, carrying more organizations into rivalry with one another. The expansion in fixed costs, going with the good decrease in factor costs, prompts the advancement of damaging value rivalry among the current business rivals. (Seybold, 1998; Angell, 1994) The natural Catch 22 is that the advantages offered by the web extend the market through diminished operational costs, upgraded

Thomas Jefferson Essays - Thomas Jefferson, Free Essays, Term Papers

Thomas Jefferson Essays - Thomas Jefferson, Free Essays, Term Papers Thomas Jefferson Thomas Jefferson is recollected in history not just for the workplaces he held, yet in addition for his faith in the common privileges of man as communicated in the Declaration of Independence and his confidence in the people?s capacity to oversee themselves. He left an effect on his occasions risen to by hardly any others in American history. Conceived on April 13, 1743, Jefferson was the third youngster in the family and grew up with six sisters and one sibling. Despite the fact that he contradicted subjugation, his family had claimed slaves. From his dad and his condition he built up an enthusiasm for organic science, topography, cartography, and North American investigation, and from his youth educator built up an affection for Greek what's more, Latin. In 1760, at 16 years old, Jefferson entered the College of William and Mary and concentrated under William Small and George Wythe. Through Small, he got his first perspectives on the extension of science and of the arrangement of things where we are put. Through Small and Wythe, Jefferson got familiar with Governor Francis Fauquier. In the wake of completing school in 1762, Jefferson examined law with Wythe and seen developing pressure among America and Great Britain. Jefferson was admitted to the bar in 1767. He effectively rehearsed law until open assistance involved the vast majority of his time. At his home in Shadwell, he structured and administered the structure of his home, Monticello, on a close by slope. He was chosen for the Virginia House of Burgesses in 1769. Jefferson met Martha Wayles Skelton, a well off widow of 23, in 1770 and wedded her in 1772. They settled in Monticello and had one child and five little girls. Just two of his youngsters, Martha and Mary, made due until development. Mrs. Martha Jefferson kicked the bucket in 1782, leaving Thomas to deal with his two remaining youngsters. Despite the fact that not expressive, Jefferson end up being a capable essayist of laws and goals he was brief and directly to the point. Jefferson before long turned into a part in a gathering which restricted and made a move in the debates among Britain and the states. Along with different loyalists, the gathering met in the Apollo Room of Williamsburg?s well known Raleigh Tavern in 1769 and shaped a nonimportation understanding against Britain, vowing not to pay import obligations forced by the Townshend Acts. After a time of tranquility, issues confronted the settlers once more, constraining Jefferson to arrange another nonimportation understanding and assembling the settlements to fight. He was picked to speak to Albermarle County at the First Virginia Convention, where agents were chosen for the First Mainland Congress. He turned out to be sick and couldn't go to the meeting, yet sent a message contending that the British Parliament had no power over the states. He additionally referenced the Saxons who had settled in England hundred of years before from Germany and how Parliament had not any more option to oversee the settlements than the Germans needed to administer the English. Most Virginians considered this to be excessively outrageous, however. His perspectives were imprinted in a handout called A Summary of the Privileges of British America (1774). Jefferson went to the Second Virginia Convention in 1775 and was picked as one of the agents to the Second Continental Congress, however before he left for Philadelphia, he was asked by the Virginia Assembly to answer to Lord North?s message of harmony, suggesting that Parliament would make an effort not to burden the pilgrims in the event that they would burden themselves. Jefferson?s Answer to Lord North was progressively moderate that the Summary View. Rather than concurring with Lord North, Jefferson demanded that an administration had been set up for the Americans and not for the British. The Declaration of Independence was basically composed by Jefferson in June 1776. Congress felt that the Declaration was as well solid and gave Dickinson the obligation of redrafting the record, yet the new form included quite a bit of Jefferson?s unique content and thoughts. In 1779, Jefferson became legislative head of Virginia, controlling Virginians through the last long periods of the Revolutionary War. As an individual from the Second Continental Congress, he drafted an arrangement for decimal coinage and created a mandate for the Northwest Territory that shaped the establishment for the Ordinance of 1787. In 1785, he became pastor to France. Delegated secretary

Important Events in Louisiana History Essay Example for Free

Significant Events in Louisiana History Essay The State of Louisiana has a bright and significant past unbeknownst to laymen. These occasions helped shape the image of its way of life and what is the current day United States. In the eighteenth century, this state was set up as a French Colony and inside barely 30 years, was given to the Spanish after the French-Indian War. Control of Louisiana permitted ships from Europe or Mexico to dock from the sea and move inland through the Mississippi waterway. The impact of the realms at that point, are as yet persisted to today. This state perceives no â€Å"official language† however a few occupants communicate in French and Spanish. Beside this, a large portion of the populace is comprised of Christians because of the impact of its colonizers. During the nineteenth century the most significant occasion was the incorporation of this state to The United States of America. The French held the region at that point however the recently framed United States was concerned that whenever, France could cut off the Mississippi and structure a strangle hold on the current exchange courses. President Thomas Jefferson approved the contact to France to arrange a buy for the domain around the waterway to forestall a stranglehold. Napoleon at the time experienced such a large number of mishaps with his arrangement for Louisiana and chose to sell the entire region. The contact, Robert R. Livingston, stressed that endorsement from Washington may take excessively since quite a while ago chose to push through the discussions and went to a cost of fifteen million US Dollars. President Jefferson was astounded from the outset however chose to push through with the buy since it would twofold the government’s current land territory and clear a path for the extension west. This filled in as a point of reference fro the acquisition of domain and didn't spill a solitary drop of blood. It made ready for frontiersmen in the years to come and prepared for the United States to be associated with two extraordinary seas. In1901, theorists in Louisiana found oil. Alongside ranger service, this presented a flood of monetary development which presented financial development. This lightens the United States’ reliance on remote oil and places worth on this territory of land which was recently esteemed distinctly for its openness to the Mississippi waterway. Reference List 1. About Louisiana. Louisiana. gov. Last checked 06 May 2008 from http://www. louisiana. gov/wps/wcm/associate/Louisiana. gov/Explore/About+Louisiana/

Halloweekend

Halloweekend Blogosphere: “Yo, Anastassia, where’ve you been? What’s your freshman year been like?” Anastassia: “Oh hey, you! My freshwoman year has been the FRESHEST of fresh, like the Fresh Prince of Bel-air eating crisp lettuce leaves in chill weather.” Blogosphere: “Right… work on those similes. Your absence had me worried.” Anastassia: “Hakuna Matata.” Blogosphere: “Bless you. You know, I’m interested. What does a typical MIT frosh* even DO on the weekends?” *defined here as me. Disclaimer: I may not be the best representation. Other students probably save the world in their spare time. Anastassia: “I can answer that counter-chronologically in Blog form!” Weekend 8 Friday night, I attended SPOOKY SKATE! It’s an event that allows you- at absolutely no charge- to showcase your ability to gracefully flail on the ice rink, while dressed up as your favorite game character or piece of sushi. As a winged version of myself, I had the incredible luck of flutterskating with a Viking, a pot of gold, Pikachu, Olga the skate guard/my roommate, Portal Guy, and Princess Peach. Last night, Baker had a celebration with food, music, and our president dressed up as Iron Man. Weekend 7 If this weekend were a soup, it would need: 3 handfuls of NIGHT MARKET 1 sprinkling of ROCKY HORROR ¼ cup of a GANGNAM STYLE FLASH MOB 15 teaspoons of SERENADES, and 9 liters of SK LATE NIGHT First, you take the Night Market, a celebration of Asian culture though performance and food, and you boil 3 handfuls of the paste on setting: Friday. After 4 hours, at 11:59, quickly sprinkle in the Rocky Horror Picture Show and watch the soup explosively change flavor. In the morning, start preparing the concoction of SK late night, a philanthropy event which hosts dance and other talent showcases by many groups, by learning the choreography you’re performing with your sisters. Do this continuously. In the evening, individually add 15 teaspoons of various fraternity brothers coming to serenade you as a musically delightful way of getting to know them. Let simmer overnight. In the day time, dress up entirely in pink for the Gangnam Style flash mob in Killian Court, and throw it in the pot. Finally, create the stellar finale by pouring all of the SK Late Night!!! Your soup should taste like utter happiness. Weekend 6 As already noted, parent weekend flew by and my mom flew here. Inseperable for 48 hours, we spent a lot of time talking, meeting my friends, shopping, eating, and going out to Boston and Harvard Square. MIT strategically knows that it is around this time that students are generally feeling down in the semester and need a parental boost and emotional pick me up, or at least clean laundry. Content with the knowledge that I am neither freezing nor starving (nor homeless), my mom departed to Miami as I departed to see THE DALAI LAMA in his talk on ethics, values, and wellbeing on Sunday. Emad and Anna covered this here and here. I really connected with him. We’re like one-sided best friends now. Weekend 5 Fun fact: I am a dancing machine. Does MIT offer outlets to my unstoppable need to shake about? Oh yeahhh. Case in point: during this weekend, not only did I dance, but I danced ON A BOAT. Student groups from several colleges nearby hosted a cruise to unify school cultures into a heap of dancing friendship. As if this wasn’t enough, the next night I raved my way into a concert that MIT’s Electronic Dance Music Society hosted. Furthermore, I also participated in another form of dance, playing dodgeball, in the annual Floor Wars that Baker holds. Representing the 2nd floor (B2West), I swirled around, keenly missing the flying destruction (doing it properly: it’s called dodgeball, not throwball) until my teammates erased the competition. Boom. Weekend 4 Forest + Log House + Fireside Marshmallows + Singing + Inspiring Sisters = Awesome Weekend Retreat! Awesome Weekend Retreat = Having to film for my HASS class entirely on Sunday evening Weekend 3 I can tell you what I DIDN’T DO: study. It accordingly reflected in my first round of exams (don’t panic, I got above average on the second round!). This lack of academic concern was justified by the ridiculously glorious weather Cambridge has been having, giving me an excuse to spend maximum (that’s right, this weekend was a critical point… for my grades) time outdoors, buying a bike and walking along the river. Weekend 2 I auditioned for Dance Troupe and made it! I’m in the subsection called Peaches ‘n Cream this semester, and we’re learning collaborative hip-hop. Since my memory doesn’t recall anything else noteworthy, I’ll assume I spent time starting household duties like grocery shopping, laundry, and decorating my loveable section of space: First Weekend Let’s just say- ORIENTATIONWEEKWASSPECTACULARJUSTLOOKATTHESEPHOTOS Blogosphere: “I SEE!” Elizabeth Choe: “Video blog next time!” Anastassia: “DONE”

Assessment of Addiction and Co-Occurring Disorders - 275 Words

Assessment of Addiction and Co-Occurring Disorders (Essay Sample) Content: ASSESSMENT OF ADDICTION AND CO-OCCURRING DISORDERSName:Institutional Affiliation:Assessment of Addiction and Co-Occurring DisordersIntroductionThis paper seeks to establish the case of Miguel who presents a major depressive and mild alcohol consumption disorder. The paper will develop an assessment tool that will be used in screening addiction in this patient, assessment for some of the risks that are harmful, and an assessment of the recurring health issues that are prevalent in this patient. On the other hand, the paper will determine some of the strengths and challenges that are bound to affect his treatment plan and establish a recommended care approach.Case Presentation:Miguel, a 60-year-old Mexican-American resident, married and a father to three adult children living on their own presents some complications to a medical facility. Miguel worked in one of the food processing plants for a period of 20 years, where he advanced as the supervisor of the plant until t he relocation of the company years ago, an aspect that left him unemployed for close to six years (Capella University, 2015). According to the case, Miguel was in a position to save for his retirement and did not disclose this information to his wife, considering that the savings would soon be depleted.Recently, the client found a job opportunity in one of the recycling plants that only paid a fraction of his former salary (Capella University, 2015). As a result of this, Miguel turned out to be frustrated and anguished, trying to establish how he would support his wife and mother who relocated to America and currently live with them. He usually pays bills after his mother and his wife go to bed, an aspect that has seen him face a considerable amount of stress on how to manage the payments, this resulting in a drinking problem and a challenges to sleep. In addition to this, he has lost concentration, aspects that determine his financial stress levels. His situation is slowly turning to be hopeless, with his wifes insurance policy the only bill he tries to pay.Evaluation of Assessment ToolsThe Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (MAST) remains a 25-item that provides a yes/no questionnaire used in screening alcohol-related problems in individuals. This assessment tool was developed by Melvin L. Seltzer, with its use focusing strictly on alcohol users. One of the benefits of this tool remains in the fact that it takes close to 10 minutes in completing the test and can either be administered orally or by self and can alternatively be applied to several populations (Corey, 2013). However, the disadvantage of this assessment tool remains in the fact that the client has the capacity to fake the responses and may fail in determining the measure and levels of alcohol use in an individual.Alternatively, the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) is another 10-iten screening and assessment questionnaire that enables a counselor to collect some of the important i nformation towards a specified treatment option for individual experiencing alcohol problems. Similar to the MAST, the AUDIT assessment tool can also be orally or self-administered within a time span of two minutes and can be used in several populations (Corey, 2013). It is, however, essential to detail that MAST may not be valid across particular groups of people such as women since they are likely to score lower as compared to men, with the older respondents also culpable of scoring low than the young. In this case, it is important to note that the AUDIT holds consequent challenges as MAST in providing falsified and misleading reports about a client. However, as a result of its reliability as well as its capacity to decipher a patients level of harmful drinking, this tool could be considered as an effective choice in the application of Miguels case.Assessment of Co-occurring Mental Health IssueThrough the use of the Addiction Severity Index (ASI) it is easier to assess Miguels li fe issues through a structured approach of interview. In this case, questions are developed and posed in regards to his substance use, relationship, legal issues, and psychiatric challenges, thus providing an avenue in establishing a dual diagnosis for the patient (Corey, 2013). These developed questions are in a position to provide in-depth information in regard to the clients issues that contribute and trigger the possible behaviors of addiction.On the other hand, another important assessment option would be the use of the DSM-5 Level 1 Symptoms Measure. This tool consists of 23 questions that have the capacity to assess 13 psychiatric problems that include anger, depression, anxiety, mania, suicidal ideation, sleep problems, somatic symptoms, and memory loss (Corey, 2013). Through this, a counselor is in a position to establish the symptoms and its frequencies and track the progress of a client at different levels during the therapeutic process. It is, however, essential to note that these assessment tools may present limitations that may need to be considered during the process. For instance, the ASI is time-consuming and may be conducted severally, an aspect that would constrain the process.Assessment of Risk of HarmIn consideration o f the case of Miguel, his interest in only paying his wifes medical insurance seems to be his final option, an aspect that establishes the need to carry out a risk of harm assessment approach to ensure the client is safe. This would establish the need to use the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (BSS), which is a 21 item self-conducted report that is administered to a client within a period of 5-10 minutes (Corey, et.al.2014). The use of this tool is in a position to determine the clients suicidal ideation with the aim of gauging the intensity and seriousness of his thoughts.Provisional DiagnosisAccording to the results of a provisional diagnosis, Miguel is considered to meet the DSM-5 criteria for alcohol use disorders. The c lient is considered to consume alcohol in large quantities and has been in this for a long period of time. As a result of his drinking, Miguel has failed in meeting his obligations both at home and work. He, however, continues with his drinking pattern, an aspect that has negatively affected his relationship with his family (Corey, et.al.2014). On the other hand, the client also meets the four DSM-5 approaches that establish a major depressive disorder in his life. This is attributed to the level of distress in this patient, with the loss of energy and sleep, fatigue, and feelings of guilt depicted as some of the repercussions of this behavior.Differential Diagnosis in Light of Cultural ConsiderationsIn this case, it is important to establish the need for more information from the client in order to establish the possibility of a preferential diagnosis. This can be established in the need for a specific approach to determine his anxious distress that will be required to understand h is feelings during the day (Corey, et.al.2014). The length of the period of sadness during periods of withdrawal from the use of alcohol will be essential in informing the counselor of his co-morbidity in his disorders, an aspect that would require a review of the cultural considerations in the patients drinking habits.Description of Miguels StrengthsIn viewing the case of Miguel, it is important to establish that there are several strengths that may be depicted in the client that include: 1 Taking a step to accept responsibility for the negative attributes of his behavior by accepting to attend counseling. 2 Miguel has an understanding supervision who has committed to ensuring Miguel gets professional help instead of firing him from work, thus providing a strong support system for the client in addressing his issues. 3 Motivation from his counselors in achieving his goals since he has been a responsible man and would achieve being sober.Description of ChallengesIn establishing the challenges of this client, it is important to consider the roles of different Latino genders (Olney, et.al.2009). Gender roles and the structures of families within this race are likely to influence and impact health behaviors among individuals from these ethnic groups, an aspect that can be depicted in the acculturation process. Miguels challenges in this case include: 1 His current position that has resulted into guilt resulting from his inability to meet the needs of his family and manage his familys financial position. 2 Chances of this client of turning out as a binge drinker as a result of excessive consumption of alcohol blended with depression and anxiety ar...

What Are Blue Supergiant Stars

There are many different types of stars that astronomers study. Some live long and prosper while others are born on the fast track. Those  live relatively short stellar lives and die explosive deaths after only a few tens of millions of years. Blue supergiants are among that second group. They are scattered across the night sky. For example, the bright star Rigel in Orion is one and there are collections of them at the hearts of massive star-forming regions such as the cluster R136 in the Large Magellanic Cloud.   Rigel, seen at the bottom right, in the constellation Orion the Hunter is a blue supergiant star. Luke Dodd/Science Photo Library/Getty Images What Makes a Blue Supergiant Star What it Is?   Blue supergiants are born massive. Think of them as the 800-pound gorillas of the stars. Most have at least ten times the mass of the Sun and many are even more massive behemoths. The most massive ones could make 100 Suns (or more!). A star that massive needs a lot of fuel to stay bright. For all stars, the primary nuclear fuel is hydrogen. When they run out of hydrogen, they start to use helium in their cores, which causes the star to burn hotter and brighter. The resulting heat and pressure in the core cause the star to swell up. At that point, the star is nearing the end of its life and will soon (on timescales of the universe anyway) experience a supernova event. A Deeper Look at the Astrophysics of a Blue Supergiant Thats the executive summary of a blue supergiant. Digging a little deeper into the science of such objects reveals a lot more detail. To understand them, its important to know the physics of how stars work. Thats a science called astrophysics.  It reveals that stars spend the vast majority of their lives in  a period defined as being on the main sequence. In this phase, stars convert hydrogen into helium in their cores through the nuclear fusion process known as the proton-proton chain. High-mass stars may also employ the carbon-nitrogen-oxygen (CNO) cycle to help drive the reactions. Once the hydrogen fuel is gone, however, the core of the star will rapidly collapse and heat up. This causes the outer lays of the star to expand outward due to the increased heat generated in the core.  For low- and medium-mass stars, that step causes them to evolve into  red giants, while high-mass stars become red supergiants. The constellation Orion holds the red supergiant star Betelgeuse (the red star in the upper left part of the constellation. It is due to explode as a supernova -- the end point of massive stars. Rogelio Bernal Andreo, CC By-SA.30 In high-mass stars, the cores begin to fuse helium into carbon and oxygen at a rapid rate. The surface of the star is red, which according to Wiens Law, is a direct result of a low surface temperature.  While the core of the star is very hot, the energy is spread out through the stars interior as well as its incredibly large surface area. As a result, the average surface temperature is only 3,500 - 4,500 Kelvin. As the star fuses heavier and heavier elements in its core, the fusion rate can vary wildly. At this point, the star can contract in on itself during periods of slow fusion, and then become a blue supergiant. Its not uncommon for such stars to oscillate between the red and blue supergiant stages before eventually going supernova. A Type II supernova event can occur during the red supergiant phase of evolution, but, it can qalso happen when a star evolves to become a blue supergiant. For example, Supernova 1987a in the Large Magellanic Cloud was the death of a blue supergiant. Properties of Blue Supergiants While red supergiants are the largest stars, each with a radius between 200 and 800 times the radius of our Sun, blue supergiants are decidedly smaller. Most are less than 25 solar radii. However, they have been found, in many cases, to be some of the most massive in the universe. (Its worth knowing that being massive isnt always the same as being large. Some of the most massive objects in the universe—black holes—are very, very small.)  Blue supergiants also have very fast, thin stellar winds blowing away into space.   The Death of Blue Supergiants As we mentioned above, supergiants will eventually die as supernovae.  When they do, the final stage of their evolution can be as a  neutron star (pulsar) or black hole. Supernova explosions also leave behind beautiful clouds of gas and dust, called supernova remnants. The best-known is the Crab Nebula, where a star exploded thousands of years ago. It became visible on Earth in the year 1054 and can still be seen today through a telescope.  Although the progenitor star of the Crab may not have been a blue supergiant, it illustrates the fate awaiting such stars as they near the ends of their lives. Hubble Space Telescope image of the Crab Nebula. NASA Edited and updated by  Carolyn Collins Petersen.

The Growth And The Complexity Of Thought Within Humans

There are a lot of characteristics that define â€Å"us† as humans. We have a larger brain, the ability to have and maintain a strong, straight posture for an extended amount of time, dexterous hands, the skill to use our facial muscles to our advantage in order to express our emotions, the potential to solve complex problems and relate with one another. Furthermore, what it means it means to be human stems from our greater social complexity, prolonged postnatal dependence, the command of symbolic language, and the strength humans possess in comparative and developmental psychology by being able to read, relate, and imagine the mind of others. We are very complex creatures. Specifically, this paper is going to focus on the growth and the complexity of thought within humans. Since humans had to adapt to the environmental difficulties of the time, their bodies, along with their brains started growing and evolving into a more complex machine. With this growth, human brains, were now able to process and store more information. This became especially useful when encountered in a dangerous and/or unfamiliar situation. An individual could learn and process what to do or what not to do and store this information then recall this information when found in a similar predicament. What I think is the most important adaptation from the course of human evolution that distinguishes us from other hominins and primates is complex thought. With complex thought, humans are able to do incredibleShow MoreRelatedCognitive PsychologyFINAL PAPER724 Words   |  3 PagesCesar Larios PSY 360 December 1, 2014 Terry Blackmon Cognitive Psychology Definition Paper The human mind is full of complexity, with it we have the ability to breath, have a heartbeat, and also process what we see around us. Many experts in the field of psychology had tried to explain the full complexity of our brain’s actions and thoughts. 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How Does Global Economic Crisis Affect Imf Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 10 Words: 3031 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? The seeds of the current global financial crisis that we are in had been sown a long time before 2008 but the effects started showing from 2007. The crisis that made banks worldwide write down about $550 billion started from the major lending institutions in the United States. The problem was simple but it wasnt checked on time. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "How Does Global Economic Crisis Affect Imf Finance Essay" essay for you Create order Banks needed to be warned about the credit default swaps and make loans of larger quantity available to only borrowers who could afford to pay. (IMF Surveillance, 2010) The reason why that happened was simple too, no regulations and restrictions on the banks and the inability of the government to enforce rules that would be beneficial for the long term health of the country. The loans created a high for the country. Once these loans were available to borrowers with bad credit history, the prices of assets began to increase, the real estate market rose and the stock market advanced. The annual growth rate of the United States of America grew by leaps and bounds. If the United States government had not thought about the short term benefit that these loans would create and thought about the long term impact the impact wouldnt be too deep. In a sentence issued by the government, they state that In fact, we have seen a remarkable expansion of credit, especially in the United States, in parallel with a dramatic rise in securitized mortgages, especially after 2004. (IMF Surveillance, 2010) It was this securitization of assets that led to the downfall and the subprime mortgages. Loaning institutions did not understand the repercussions of the loans they made available in the market furthermore due to the complexity of these loans even the borrowers did not understand what they were entering into. (How Did the Global Financial Crisis Start? 2008) The first impact of the crisis began to show in 2007 April when the IMF warns financial institutions of weakening the global financial markets. Then the New Century financial corporation stops giving new loans. In June, two hedge funds of Bear Sterns collapse and warning bells start to ring. Then in February 2008, Fannie Mae reports a loss of $3.55 billion. Many other banks got into this huge problem and ran out of reserves and eventually were forced to take a bailout plan from the government in order to survive. (Chro nology, n.d.) German banks too, fell into this problem and needed bailout. Then in April, the IMF projected a $945 billion loss due to the global crisis. Throughout 2008, the crisis deepened and the true picture of the cause of the subprime loans came into view with Lehman brothers coming out with a $600 billion bankruptcy and many other leading financial institutions posting losses. AIG was given $85 billion as bailout and Washington mutual and Fannie and Freddie collapse. Banks were either planning a merger like Wachovia and Wells Fargo or getting a bailout or going bankrupt. (Shah, 2009) The total amount that the government gave in bailouts came up to $9.7 trillion and 33% of the value of the worlds companies were wiped out due to this crisis. Along with the global financial crisis came the food crisis hence the government not only needed to look out for that but other aspects as well. On a macro level all the countries in the world were affected due to the financial crisis and all the financial institutions needed help from the international financial institutions like the IMF to stabilize the economy. Role of the IMF in the current global financial crisis The international monetary fund (IMF) was created with the sole aim of balancing macro financial issues faced by countries worldwide. It works on the basis of loans provided to other countries in time of need. They have many types of loans for countries who need monetary help but since the last financial crisis a decade ago countries have built up foreign exchange reserve in order to avoid taking a loan from the IMF. This has reduced the role the IMF played and restricted its function to only giving advice on macroeconomic aspects. However as the developed countries faced liquidity problems they turned to the international financial institutions for help and the IMF to rescue them. (Shin Heath, 2009) The importance of the IMF increase and the role played by the institution became crucial for the world economies. IT was now the responsibility of the IMF to help member states to come out of the recession and possible depression. If the IMF would not have been there, countries wor ldwide would have to suffer enormous debts and depression. Swift action from all aspects needed to be taken by the IMF in terms of asking member countries to provide resources and foreign exchange for loans and providing these loans to countries that need them. Then, the IMF needs to supply information to countries on the verge of bankruptcy, way in which they can try and come out of the situation. The IMF also needs to handle the fiscal and monetary policy implementation by member states and as a control check if the member states are benefitting from them or they need other reforms. The IMF needs to develop a kind of early whistle blowing warming system so that these manmade calamities can be avoided. IMF and G20. (IMF Surveillance, 2010) The IMF needs to act like a global federal reserve and help countries in the process of recovery. The G 20 summit was held to discuss the effects of the financial crisis and how the member countries can fasten the recovery process. Since th e IMF was short of funds and SDR (Special Drawing Rights), member countries agreed to raise $250 billion to help other countries. The IMF was also asked to sell its gold deposits so that it could get more funds to provide loans. Agreements on how IMF could borrow from other member countries were set at the summit. Since it was the IMF responsibility to provide information on macroeconomic aspects, the member countries agreed to increase the research wing of the IMF. (IMF Surveillance, 2010) The G 20 came to the conclusion that the IMF needed to change the basic quotas and voting power from the traditional industrial countries to other countries as well since it is often treated as an underdog of the same. Hence as a result the IMF reduced the voting power of the previous members by 5% and gave the same to emerging nations. The IMF needed to work in collaboration with other international financial institutions like the World Bank and United Nations so that it could come up with be tter plans and policies. (IMF Surveillance, 2010) In 2009 the IMF decided that the NAB (New Arrangements to Borrowing) needed to be extended by $500 billion in order to help triple the funds available to the IMF in fighting the crisis. Since the IMF also needed to work on its pending reforms, it was agreed that changes in IMF procedures and investment standards would be changed with all possible haste so that the member countries would benefit from those changes in this time of crisis. (IMF Surveillance, 2010) Surveillance and Management One of the challenges faced by the IMF was its role as a surveillance officer. IMF has been criticized by member countries including China on the way it manages its surveillance. If the IMF had performed this role before, the financial crisis could have been evaded since it would be able to tell America to ensure strict credit rules however the IMF lacked in that aspects and therefore in the future in order to avoid such disasters, one of the first things the IMF needs to do is change its surveillance standards and technical knowhow. At the G 30 summit, the surveillance of the IMF came under the radar and ways to manage and monitor the countries were sought after. (IMF Surveillance, 2010; Kaufman et.al., 2000) Since all the countries that are members of the IMF needed to provide it with data regarding its financial, economic and other policies and situation, the IMF needed to review them thoroughly. Individual countries needed to be analyzed based not only by the report sent by these countries but also on the basis of analysis done by the IMF intelligence. Before the crisis, IMF did not evaluate individual countries hence problems started to show. It was concluded that once this evaluation would be done member countries could rely on the reports of the IMF to manage their country better hence surveillance would become the primary role of the IMF. (GuitiaÃÆ'ŒÂ n, 1992; Johnson Turner, 2003; Soederberg, 2004) According to the IEO report (Independent evaluation officer) the IMF was not as effective as it needed to be in both its analysis and advice, and its dialogues with member countries (Climate Investment Funds, 2010). The IMF needed to create more focus on multilateral issues and have better control over the exchange rate policies faced by the countries. The IEO asked IMF to study the relations of each member countries with the others and what effect would their foreign exchange policies changes would have on the others. This would help th em in predicting the future of the countries exchange reserves which is one of the vital signs of financial disasters. The IMF failed in its role to be a savior to the poor nations as they were the ones that got exploited the most due to its lack of surveillance. Unemployment increased and more and more countries came on the verge of bankruptcy. Hence multilateral surveillance especially exchange rate needed to be focused on. If these surveillances had been done correctly, the IMF would have known the extent of damage the crisis would cause and help take preventive and curative measures however the start of the analysis was faulty hence that needed work more than other aspects. The IMF knew in early 2008 that a crisis would be caused by the banks policies however even though it had all the data available, it was unable to correctly judge the extent of the loss. Hence as a gatekeeper it lacked focus. The IMF blames its lack of skilled staff as one of the reasons for failure. It ar gues that only 9 of the 24 staff members were effective in calling countries and asking them to manage their exchange rates better. Since the crisis had hit the United States, the IMF needed to call countries that had ties with it, and who would be impacted most due to the crisis and help them prepare. However, the IMF itself was unable to understand the situation which clearly showed missing standards for an international agency. (Yeung, 2002; Fratianni, Kirton Savona, 2003; Solomon, 2008) Now, the IMF needs to work on building up a good surveillance team and methods and models to understand the multilateral aspects. It needs to give monthly and annual reports to countries in a more precise manner and give information on how they would be affected by international developments and how they can safeguard themselves. This would be crucial in the future. For the current crisis, it still needs to help make the member countries find ways to escape the liquidity problem and rise from the catastrophe. (Climate Investment Funds, 2010; De International Center for Monetary and Banking Studies, 1999; Lynch, 2003) Lack of resources One of the reasons for the failure of the system and a challenge for the IMF is its lack of financial resources. If the IMF had more resources it would have better staffing and newer models to not only avert danger but also once the crisis occurred give better help. The lack of surveillance was the primary reason for inability to prevent crisis and the lack of resources the reason for untimely help. The IMF did not have money to lend to nations at the time of crisis. At the time of crisis the total funds that the IMF could lend amounted to $335 of which $228 were unusable. The total gold resources available were 3224 metric tons. There werent any reserves and only a little scope for gold sales in order to help nations pay loses of close to $1 trillion. The IMF would not be able to help America (the first one affected) if it had asked for help regarding loans. (Truman, 2010) This is shameful for the IMF since its sole purpose is to give loans to member countries at the time of ne ed. To overcome this challenge the member countries of G 20 and G 30 decided to increase resources. Main contributors remained Japan ($100 billion), China ($50 billion), America ($100 billion), Russia ($10 billion), Brazil ($10 billion) and UK ($15 billion). This money would help in the loan process and increase the chances of the IMF to resolve the disaster. The problem IMF was facing was the decrease in lending due to which it not gets interested payments to keep up operations would be resolved and IMF would be able to help other nations by providing loans and other options. More for developing countries The developing countries are the ones who were most incapable of handling the crisis and at the same time they were the ones who were affected the most due to close association with the United States. Their dependence on America caused them to lose millions of dollars. The IMF could not help the developing countries by providing loans and they had to beg their neighboring countries for help. Of the 185 member countries most are developing and there was greater need for developing their situation. More than help the developing countries did not have a say in the policies and procedures undertaken by the IMF. They did not have voting rights or majority of approval to pass agreements and this was a challenge for the IMF. America has most of the rights to vote(15%) and for any bill or agreement to be passed, America needs to have an affirmation on the same. (The Financial Crisis and Information Gaps, n.d.) Hence the IMF needs to increase communication with the developing nations, he lp them understand their situation in the crisis, give them loans at better rates that they are capable of paying and increasing their voting rights. The smaller economies need to be heard and paid attention to and at the same time they are the ones that need help the most. IMF needs to implement a change that suit the developing countries and help them revive their status again, after all that is the reason why the IMF was created to begin with. (Wood Carin, 2005; Rehman, 1998; Barry, 1999) Better models and policies The IMF needs to work on models that are most relevant to the crisis. They can compare the models used in the great depression and use the same thinking process and create new and better ways to come out of the liquidity shortage. It needs to do more research on the situation each country faces and give them more personal analysis on the macro as well as micro front. Certain developing countries do not have the resources to conduct these analysis hence it is not only a challenge but also a moral responsibility of the IMF to provide these analysis. (Siebert, Kiel Week Conference, Kiel Week Conference on the Worlds New Financial Landscape Kieler-Woche-Kongress, 2001) Change in core practices The fund needs to changes its practices from focusing on short term loans to long term ones since the long term loans provide more interest and help the fund finance itself. What IMF used to do was provide loans for balance of payment problems faced by countries hence the longest loans it would issue were for 3 years. The IMF has to change its function according to time and state of the world economies. If a country takes a short term loan in the current crisis it would have a negative impact not only for the country but also for the IMF. Hence the requirement now is to be able to provide long term loans to countries. If the IMF provides long term loans for more than 7 years then it would bring economic stability and attract investors towards IMF. The IMF also needs to regulate the loans and make periodic overviews of the short as well as long term macro economic conditions and loans issued. (Weiss, 2008; Knoop, 2010) Risk in financial sector The IMF needs to assess the risk in the financial sector and clearly communicate the information in to all member nations. All sectoral and other financial and economic datasets need to be shared with all nations so that they can be better prepared in any situation. (Hart Spero, 2010; Ronalds, 2010) Conclusion The IMF staff and the FSB secretariat coordinated closely throughout the crisis to make the economies more stable. With loans and other financial data the IMF played an important role in making the crisis last much shorter. This kind of financial crisis was similar to the time of the great depression and the economy took a decade to recover however it was with the help of the IMF that nations could count on a speedy recovery. The crisis is not over yet and the IMF still needs to do a lot of analysis and research to find better ways in which economies can protect themselves. The crisis was like a challenge since the IMF was not prepared for it to such a large extent. The fund had no idea it would grow that large in size and it become a problem to all nations. Even more challenging was the fact that IMF did not have the monetary resources to provide capital to these nations in need. Post the G20 and G 30 summit the IMF could handle the crisis better with the skill in management and c apital contributed by members. There are many challenges that the IMF is currently facing like the lack of monitoring practices, long term loan development, elevation of poverty and more representation of developing nations. IMF lacked surveillance and at the same time it did not communicate correctly the economic data with other nations. IMF needs to assess all these factors carefully as well as cautiously and takes steps to avoid them as fast as possible. If the IMF was better prepared for these challenges then it would not have affected nations worldwide however it did overcome most of its difficulties and to a large extent helped nations in coming out of depression and recession.

The Effect of Technology on Globalization - 1890 Words

There has been a great deal of discussion in recent years about globalization, its impact has been both praised and criticized. Globalization is defined as the process enabling financial and investment markets to operate internationally, largely as a result of deregulation and improved communications. I believe the technological advances have had a positive impact on globalization. The use of cellular/mobile phones and the internet have allowed easier access to conduct business anywhere in the world. Evidence of globalization can be seen in our everyday lives. Technology in many ways is the driving force because it is probably the most obvious aspect of globalization. Advances in communication technology have changed how business is†¦show more content†¦Additionally, the Internet has benefited the world by connecting users to billions of pieces of information from universities, libraries and databases around the world. No matter where you are in the world as long as you have internet access you can learn anything you need to know about a topic in a matter of minutes. My work on this argument is an example of how the internet is beneficial to all who use it. Without access to the internet, this would have been much more labor intensive. It would have required many evenings away from home spent in a library doing research. Instead, I was able to do all of my research from work and home, which allowed for less time away from my son. The other growing technological trend that is growing is cell phone use. It too allows people to access information from around the world with ease. Whether you are calling another country or surfing the web, information that would normally require a trip to the library can now be accessed on your cell phone. Depending on the phones style and capabilities, it can be used just as easily as a laptop computer. Most youth today have a cell phone so teachers across the U.S. have started using cell phones in the classroom. They are seen as an important tool that helps them to connect everyday life and learning. A Spanish teacher in Wisconsin gives oral quizzes via cell phone. Another in Michigan hasShow MoreRelatedGlobalization And Its Effect On Society1240 Words   |  5 PagesGlobalization and the use of new technologies and how it strengthens or weakens global inequalities Globalization is a very important force in the new world and it continues to impact the lives of individuals as well as groups world over. The role and affect of globalization has broadened over time. 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Around the world, people view international trade as a good thing but this is hindered by concerns about its side effects. To find the balance between pros and cons associated with globalization, citizens everywhere need to know how globalization works. This includes its effects on the environment, culture, political systems,Read MoreTheorizing globalization (Doughlas Kellner) Essay693 Words   |  3 Pageshopes to understand globalization as a dialectic between the progressive and emancipatory features and negative attributes.   His articulation of globalization also recognizes that change in globalized systems is not only imposed from above but can also be contested and reconfigured from below.   Taking all of these elements into account, Keller argues for an understanding of globalization that moves beyond technological and economic optics toward an understanding of globalization as an ambiguous, contradictory

Marketing Segmentation Free Essays

S NO. | NAME OF PRODUCT| MARKET SEGMENTATION| 1. | Gillette Mach 3(New Gillette MACH3 Sensitive is an advanced razor designed for men who want a closer, comfortable shave with less irritation3 – even on the most sensitive areas of the face. We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Segmentation or any similar topic only for you Order Now )| a) Demographic: 1) Gender: Male 2) Age: 16 and above 3) Income: 25,000 and aboveb) Geographic: Urban areasc) Social Class: Middle class to Elite Class| 2. | Fair and Lovely(Fairness that changes your destiny. )| a) Demographic: 1) Gender: Female 2) Age: 15 and above 3) Income: 20,000 and aboveb) Geographic: Urban areasc) Social Class: Middle class| 3. Faber Castell Colors(Faber-Castell has a time honored commitment to tradition, quality, and innovation for all of its brands. )| a) Demographic: 1) Gender: Unisex 2) Age: 3 years and above 3) Income: 25,000 and above 4) Occupation consume: Studentsb) Geographic: Urban areasc) Social Class: Elite class| 4. | Honda CG 125(Honda Motorcycles is defined by Quality, Performance, Speed, Economy Petrol and Re-sale Value. All these have managed to successfully bag your trust on the New Honda CG125. | a) Demographic: 1) Gender: Male 2) Age: 18 and above 3) Income: 50,000 and above 4) Occupation: Work with frequent ridingb) Geographic: Urban a nd Rural areasc) Social Class: Middle (Urban) Elite (Rural)| 5. | Colgate Toothpaste(Strengthens teeth with active fluoride. Fights cavities and leaves your mouth with a fresh feeling. )| a) Demographic: 1) Gender: Unisex 2) Age: 3 years and above 3) Income: 25,000 and aboveb) Geographic: Urban and Ruralc) Social Class: Middle to Elite class| How to cite Marketing Segmentation, Essay examples Marketing segmentation Free Essays a. The process of dividing the total market in to several heterogeneous groups. b. We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing segmentation or any similar topic only for you Order Now The process of bringing several small, unreachable segments into a definable market segment. c. An attempt to reach all consumers with a single marketing mix. d. Practiced by both profit-oriented and not-for-profit organizations Market segmentation is the process in marketing of dividing a market into distinct subsets (segments) that behave in the same way or have similar needs. Because each segment is fairly homogeneous in their needs and attitudes, they are likely to respond similarly to a given marketing strategy. That is, they are likely to have similar feelings and ideas about a marketing mix comprised of a given product or service, sold at a given price, distributed in a certain way, and promoted in a certain way. Broadly, markets can be divided according to a number of general criteria, such as by industry or public versus private sector. Small segments are often termed niche markets or specialty markets. However, all segments fall into either consumer or industrial markets. Although it has similar objectives and it overlaps with consumer markets in many ways, the process of Industrial market segmentation is quite different. The process of segmentation is distinct from targeting (choosing which segments to address) and positioning (designing an appropriate marketing mix for each segment). The overall intent is to identify groups of similar customers and potential customers; to prioritise the groups to address; to understand their behaviour; and to respond with appropriate marketing strategies that satisfy the different preferences of each chosen segment. Revenues are thus improved. Improved segmentation can lead to significantly improved marketing effectiveness. With the right segmentation, the right lists can be purchased, advertising results can be improved and customer satisfaction can be increased.    How to cite Marketing segmentation, Essay examples Marketing Segmentation Free Essays Marketing segmentation Market segmentation is the process of dividing the market into dissimilar, distinctive groups of people who have similar needs to be satisfied, alike wants and behavior, or might want some products and services. Markets can be divided depending on a number of wide –ranging criteria. They are: geographic (region, county, climate etc. We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Segmentation or any similar topic only for you Order Now ), demographic (age, gender, family size, religion) psychographic (personality, life style, attitude etc. ) behavioral (benefit sought, brand loyalty, decision making until etc. According to Philip Kotler, â€Å"Market Segmentation is the subdividing of market into homogeneous sub-set of customers, where any subset may conceivably be selected as market target to be reached with distinct Marketing Mix. One of the brands that will be is Nike. In terms of marketing it’s really unique. Its products designed for men, women, and children of all ages. Nike does not sell only athletic shoes, but huge number of sporting goods. It cooperates with independent distributors, has contracts with 110 countries all over the world, also with Internet companies and hi-tech such as Apple computers. According to demographic segmentation, Nike’s target market shoes are persons between 18 and 35 years old. Generally Nike produces products for all markets, which grew up enough to be profitable. With development of children and women sports, new products were eventually developed. Nike gives out one new shoes style almost everyday. But there is an issue – company faces to decreasing brand-loyalty. Most people start preferring to buy cheaper shoe and clothing brands. For these reasons its marketing campaign are now making emphasis on the point that a shoe of a higher quality with a good brand name worth money spent still a cheaper shoe are poorer quality and will be wore out more quickly. Another world’s largest major sport clothing producer is Adidas Group, which has legacy of producing some of the highest quality original sport equipment. Just like Nike, Adidas manufactures sport goods for both professional and general public. Products promotes to both males and females of age around0 15-25 years old. Nike and Adidas are world leaders in sports apparel market, thus are major rivals in this field. However, their strategies are alike. Adidas is also cooperates with retailers all over the world, so that their outlets can be presented in world’s largest cities. Now, one of Adidas target markets are Asia and Latin America, where the company is trying to establish itself as a leader. In that promotional campaign Adidas addressing to people of different ages with particular interests in sport, active healthy life, persons who are brand loyal and prefer expensiveness and a high quality to short-living products. Another one, even the most interesting company is well-known Apple. Apple segments its market by geography, with operating segments of the America, Europe, Japan, Asia-Pacific and retailers. The Americas segment is comprised of both North and South America. Europe includes all European countries as well as Middle East and Africa. The Asia-Pacific segment includes Australia and Asian countries (not Japan), and lastly, the retail segment with stores in 12 countries, including the USA. The basis of their success is found in Apple’s segmentation strategies – they have segmented their products by creating for each use case and sold them at the right price for only the most profitable market segments. Also, they identified segments that are willing to pay more the specifics, which Apple provides: the user experience, the quality of their product. By the way, what is very important, they ignore prospect that are not willing to their price. Once Steve Jobs was asked about bring out netbook for $300, he replied â€Å"Never. I just do not know how to make a quality product at that price†. Apple makes quality products for customers who are willing to pay more. The Apple’s and even world’s most popular product is an iPhone which is considered not only as a phone, smart-tool, but either as a fashion accessory. The handheld device was introduced to the American consumer on January, 2007 and made available on June 29 the same year through ATT cellular provider. Initially it was only available on signing 1 or 2 year contract. The same approach is decided to make everywhere where Apple has decided to make the iPhone available. Apple has taken marketing challenge strategy attacking the market leaders Blackberry, Palm and Nokia. It has launched an attack right after the announcement of the iPhone in Steve Jobs’ keynote speech in 2007’s MacWorld. On the other hand, Apple has always a customer-centered orientation spotting the growing market for smartphones. It’s segmentation market: 1)Geographic. Officially, Apple iPhone is sold only in most profitable markets, which generates the highest value of revenue. They are: United States, most part of Western Europe, Asia-Pacific. Here, in Kazakhstan approximately every third smartphone is an iPhone, still officially we will not see it soon due to low population level. )Demographic. For example, factory unlocked (free-sim) iPhone costs a person from approximately $600 what is quite expensive, however, Apple gives a chance to own modern smartphone even for â€Å"low income customers† selling them with contract, which implies that you pay around $100 for the phone itself, and pay a fixed price for calls around $30 on a monthly basis for two years. With the appearance of new iPhone, the old one is still in the Apple store, furthermore, they are available for free with contract option. As a business strategy, market segmentation is one of the most powerful weapon. Segmentation is not only for huge corporations like Apple, Nike or Adidas. It’s still important for all â€Å"size† and types of business. When companies look carefully at their byers’ use cases, record the outcomes they wish to achieve and define the segments that represent the best business opportunities, then they orient their products and services to serve these market segments better than anyone else. They can then optimize their prices to capture the maximum of these buyers’ willingness to pay, to serve them better than anyone else in their market. How to cite Marketing Segmentation, Essay examples

Understanding Ones Culture Essay Example For Students

Understanding Ones Culture Essay Because of its history as a growing populated area of the Pacific, American Samoa has provided a huge experiment in multicultural understanding not only in the Pacific but also worldwide. Settlers from literally every neighboring Pacific Islanders as well as settlers from all around the continent have joined this countrys indigenous inhabitants. These days, American Samoa is said that it would be a melting ice where diverse cultures would mingle and lose their distinctness as they came together, Instead, though cultures have mixed here, they have never melted. Some have been strengthen in their distinctiveness. So, instead of a melting ice , we could see American Samoa as a kind of tile mosaic. On its useful surface, the bright focus of each culture contributes to a pattern in which all elements work together. It appears that this is how cultures work all over the world. They have a power in themselves, which resists dilution and homogenization. This power is based on the close relationship between the cultures and their members. In this identity lies strength; this strength is the reason we should celebrate, rather than challenge, diversity of culture in every group and individual. Culture is adaptive, integrated, and always changing. It shares these characteristics with organic life. In other words, with systems oriented towards survival. Customs that diminish the survival chances of a given society are not likely to persist. Those which enhance survival chances of a given society are not likely to customs are tried and honed as aids to survival, the mechanisms of human understanding move them constantly into integration with other facets of society. Thus change occurs in culture in an organic way. Humanities and its Cultural Explanation The humanities are involved in cultural understanding in ways with roots as deep as humankind. The mental capacity of humans today connects us absolutely with the mental capacities of our remotest ancestors. We share not only our ability to think and reason, but also the capacity for aesthetic and moral sensibilities. The humanities, the storehouse of values and traditions that form the foundation of society, work to make clear these shared capacities, these shared understandings. The humanities, in effect, help us to understand other cultures, including the cultures of the past. They do this by showing the shared intellectual and artistic heritage with which people of all cultures have made sense of the world. For that is indeed what human beings do in culture. They make particular kinds of sense of the world, and they share it through expressive forms, for enjoyment as well as for survival. A good name by which the humanities operate is expressive culture. Expressive culture is the communication of ideas and feelings about the world through an artistic medium. Whatever the form, painting, sculpture, dance, music, or folklore. Its intention is communication. Expressing ourselves culturally is part of what makes us human beings. Immensely flexible, ever changing and vital to the continuation of self and society. Expressive

The Advantages and Disadvantages of Solar Electricity System Essay Example

The Advantages and Disadvantages of Solar Electricity System Essay The paper focuses on elaborating the issues that are involved in the use of the solar electricity systems in New Zealand. This also includes the advantages and the disadvantages of the use of the solar system comparing to the other sources of electrical power. The research also explains about the environmental effects of the solar power to the country of New Zealand. It also seeks to identify the costs that are involved and the pay backs from the solar power that is used in New Zealand. Therefore, the research paper gives the recommendation after presenting the overview of the assessment of the numerous issues related to the use of solar energy electrical systems. This gives the reliable information that is needed in order to understand the issue concerning the increased growth of solar system usage in homes, public facilities, and business. Key words: Photovoltaic, solar energy systems, The advantages and disadvantages of solar electricity system in New Zealand Introduction The solar radiation is considered to be a source of sufficient energy that is not a pollutant, free of charge and renewable. In New Zealand, there is ample radiation in numerous locations. The level of radiation in areas like Invercargill is similar to that of Germany. There are twenty to thirty time of the exposure of the solar energy for numerous New Zealand homes. Therefore, this home uses the energy from the sun instead of the electricity or gas. However, the energy is not yet established as a main source of energy in the areas. There are about 2000 hours of bright sunshine in New Zealand per year on average. The country has about 4kWh/m2 per day in form of energy that is acquired from the sun. We will write a custom essay sample on The Advantages and Disadvantages of Solar Electricity System specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Advantages and Disadvantages of Solar Electricity System specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Advantages and Disadvantages of Solar Electricity System specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Therefore, the homes in New Zealand with 3kW Photovoltaic panels they receive ample power that can satisfy them for over a quarter year in terms of their residential electricity needs. The solar energy is used for various purposes in New Zealand (EECA, 2012). The solar energy is used to warm water through various designs in buildings that capture and store the heat energy. The solar energy is also used to generate electricity through the use of Photovoltaic panels that act as the semi conductors for the generation of electricity. There are other concentrators of the solar power technologies that use mirrors for the focusing of the thermal energy. There are turbines that can also be used by being turned by a super heated steam in order to generate electricity. According to EECA (2012), there are numerous New Zealand homeowners who have managed to install the heating systems making the number to be up to 3400 solar heating systems that are said to be installed per year. However, the number is also said to be growing at a rate of 40% very year. There various solar heating programs in New Zealand focusing on the increase of the consumption of solar water heating systems for homes, business, and public facilities. Methodology/ Research plan The research on the use of solar electric systems by various homes and businesses in New Zealand was conducted in order to identify the advantages and the disadvantages of the systems as experienced by the users. The method of data collection was through conducting interviews on the parents in the homes and the workers in the business that used the solar electricity systems. It was expected that both the parents at the homes and the workers at the businesses to be relaxed in order to ensure that the procedure was effective. There were challenges that were involved during the process of conducting the interview. One of the limitations was that the process was time consuming and required a lot of financial resources. In other places the physical surrounding was not conducive to conduct the interview due to the disruption from noise and other things. However, the data collection activities were completed and the data that was collected was reliable for drawing the relevant discussions and conclusions. Result of the study Advantages of solar electricity system comparing with the other electrical system The solar electricity system is considered to be an advantage in terms of lack of pollution when generating the electricity. The only pollution that is associated with the solar systems is the production and the transportation of the cells. The other advantage is that the installation saving of the cost paying the electricity bills. The other advantage is the fact that the solar energy being a renewable source of energy. This is considered to be better than other sources of energy. The other advantage is that the solar energy systems facilitate the harnessing of the power in the remote areas at lower cost compared to the cost incurred to supply the other forms of electrical sources. According to Boxwell (2011), the solar electricity is considered to be the easiest way to supply the electric energy to the remote areas. There is new technology that is enabling the storage of the solar electricity via the use of the battery which is charged. This is making a considerable advantage in order to integrate the power supplied to the home. The other issue is that the installation of the system is getting cheaper as the increase in the production increases with the development of the technology. Disadvantages of solar electricity system comparing with the other electrical system There are various disadvantages that are associated with the use of the solar electricity systems. One of the disadvantages associated to the use of the solar electricity systems is the initial cost. The installation of the solar energy needs a lot of space and a large area. This is in order to attain the efficiency in the provision of source of energy. This brings a disadvantage to those who do not have a lot of space like in the inner cities. The other disadvantage is the pollution that is caused by the solar panel. This is due to the degrading of the photovoltaic cells efficiency. This is also the same effect that is provided by the clouds in terms of the reduction of the energy of the rays. The other disadvantage is that the solar electric system is only useful during the day when there is sunlight. During night duration, the expensive system becomes useless to the owner of the system. The other issue is the solar panels having problems with the performance. This is due to the possible obstruction that can be caused by the presence of buildings and other landscape that can object the sun rays from reaching the panel, thus making it to fail in the functionality. The pay backs from solar power system in New Zealand The pay backs that are involved in the use of solar power in New Zealand is the reduction of the cost that was initially used by the home and the business due to the consumption of electricity from other sources of generation. This has also facilitated to the reduction of the need to acquire the electricity from the other sources like the fuel that are considered to pollute the environment. The other issue is on facilitating the supply of the electricity to the areas that are remote and hard to be supplied with other forms of electricity. Therefore, the use of the energy that is harnessed from the sun is considered to be free of charge thus cutting the cost even for those who still use the electricity from other sources for other purposes. The environmental effects of solar energy The solar systems is considered to be environmentally friendly in New Zealand since it almost has no green house gases or carbon emission compared to other forms of electricity generation. World Nuclear Association (2012) argues that, it does not use oil or produce toxic waste. It also does not involve the moving of parts that could result to environmental pollution. The only chance of polluting the environment that is involved in the use of solar panels is the manufacture and the transportation. The construction of the panels requires the use of fossils and transportation of various parts in order to complete the process of production. However, it is a fact that indirect solar energy has no chance of producing the harmful carbon emissions. The emission involved during the constructions turns out to have a positive effect at the end when the final product is made. Therefore, the use of solar electricity systems is considered to be beneficial to the environment and the human beings (UNEP, 1998). The costs involved with the solar energy According to Anderson and   Ahmed (1995), considering the savings that are made for the rest of the months and even years after the installation of the solar electricity system, the initial cost would be a small price to pay. The costs that are associated with the installation of the system can be waived by avoiding to assigning the work of installing to a technicians and one can do it. One requires the relevant instructions that can be followed in order to make the installation process less expensive. Therefore, it is recommended that one get to know what is needed and where it is purchased. It also involves knowing how the various components are assembled for them to be installed in a safe and reliable way. Discussion of the result The solar energy is considered to be costly than the other alternative source of energy. It is considered to be more costly than the use of the fossil fuels technologies. Therefore, the decrease of the prices of acquiring the solar technologies will result to an increase in the number of user of the technology. The disadvantage of pollution is considered to be more of an issue of the solar component. This is due to the harmful effects that can be caused by the rays to the human beings. The rays cause skin cancer after a long duration of exposure to the UV light. However, there are new designs that are meant integrate the relevant form of technology that can deal with the problems caused by the effects. As an advantage, the solar electric system is considered an effective way to supply the energy in the home that live on the mountainous areas where it needs a lot of initial cost for attaining the relevant infrastructure to facilitate the supply of electricity from the alternative source. In terms of the large area that is consumed the being large there have been production of relatively thinner panels that are more attractive to the customers. There are other substances like the paint in the panels that contains the miniature panels Conclusion/Recommendation Solar is considered to be the best alternative in the matters concerning the generation of electricity both for domestic and commercial use. This is because it is associated with the saving on the cost that is incurred in the consumption of the electric power from the other sources. It also associated with the conservation of environment due to the avoidance of emission of the carbon when using other fuels to generate the electricity. However, the solar electricity system is associated with an expensive initial cost. There are ways that those with the interest of acquiring the systems can deal with the problem. It is recommended that one learns how to install the system in order to avoid the incurred cost during the initial installation. The system has been perceived to reduce the problems of the carbon emissions and the regular problem of having to pay the electricity bills. Therefore, it also recommended to those who are willing and able to reduce the running costs in their homes and business while also contributing to the conservation of the environment. There are those that cannot avoid the usage of the electricity due to operation that are involved. It is advisable for them to consider installing the solar electricity systems in order to ensure that they cut on the cost of the total consumption of the electricity. In connection to this the effort of cutting on the electricity usage the user ends up producing more electricity than expected. Reference Energy efficiency and Conservation Authority (EECA). (2012). Solar energy. Retrieved on 19 March 2012 from lt; http://www. eeca. govt. nz/efficient-and-renewable-energy/renewable-energy/solar-energy-in-nzgt; Michael Boxwell. (2011). Solar Electricity Handbook 2011 Edition. Ed. 4. New York. Greenstream Publishing. Print World Nuclear Association. (2012). Renewable Energy and Electricity. Retrieved on 19 March 2012 from lt; http://www. world-nuclear. org/info/inf10. htmlgt; United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). (1998). Environmental effects of ozone depletion: 1998 assessment. New York. UNEP/Earth print. Print Anderson and   Ahmed. (1995). The case for solar energy investments, Volumes 23-279. New York. World Bank Publications. Print